Cardiac surgery also called heart surgery. Which involves in surgical operations performed on the heart under to correct life-threatening conditions. The surgery can be either open-heart surgery or minimally invasive surgery dependent on the condition to be improved. The purpose of cardiac surgery is to recover the quality of life of the patient and to increase the patient's lifespan. Cardiac surgery comprises considerable risk and is only done when the benefits outweigh the risk. Risks are highest for newborns and adults over age 60. Risk increases with age and once the individual has additional health complications such as diabetes, chronic kidney disease, chronic lung disease, pulmonic edema, hereditary heart problems, electrolyte imbalances, heavy drinking, and prior history of heart attack or stroke. Although few conditions absolutely rule out a cardiac practice, the physician must judge the risks and aids on an individual basis. Common Cardiac Surgeries are Aortic surgery, Coronary artery bypass surgery, Valve replacement, Off-pump coronary artery bypass, Cardiomyoplasty, Mitral valve replacement, Septal myectomy, Balloon valvuloplasty, Endoscopic vessel harvesting, Atrial septostomy, Pericardiectomy, Valvulotomy, Arterial switch operation.